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See Also: An Overview of Methods |
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See Also: Research Design |
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1. Selecting a Topic: Finding the topic is the first step in research design |
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2. Formulate the Thesis |
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3. Choose the Types of Analyses |
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4. Research & Write a Literature Review & Refine the Thesis |
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5. Formulate Research Objectives ( ROs ) from the Types of Analysis ( TOA ) |
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6. Conceptualization of the topic |
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7. Choose the methodology / the Research Instrument |
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8. Operationalization |
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9. Formulate the Data Collection Strategy |
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10. Obtain HIC Approval |
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11. Perform a Pilot Study: the Senior Project is a Pilot Study & so no addition study will be required |
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12. Collect Data utilizing efficient, effective & ethical methodological practices |
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13. The
Preparation of Data
for processing & analysis is determined by the type of data collected
by the Research Instruments in that Data Prepartionn is quite different for surveys & content analysis, etc. |
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In this step, the research Prepares the Data for processing & analysis |
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This step will vary widely depending on the type of Research Instrument: survey, content analysis, etc. |
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For surveys, & other types of Instruments that require statistical analysis, common data prep includes: |
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Reversing scores on questions |
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Dealing w/ missing data |
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Collapsing ranges |
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Combining questions |
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The Preparation of the Data of the survey goes through THREE
Steps
a. Precoding b. Coding c. Construct the Data Matrix |
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a. Precoding |
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For a survey, interview, content an, obs, etc
it is best to begin coding before the research action is carried out |
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Precoding involves |
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a. Attaching a number code to each response alternative |
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b. Designating a location for every question item
where the coded response to that item will eventually be stored in a data matrix |
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As you design, the survey, interview plan, etc.
codes are printed next to each possible response |
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b. Coding |
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Open ended items cannot be completely precoded
except for anticipated answers |
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Unanticipated answers must be coded as they are encountered
This procedure is almost identical to the process of content analysis |
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See Also: Content Analysis |
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For closed-end questions which are precoded
carefully fill in the appropriate codes in the Data Matrix |
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Coding should NOT be left until all the data is gathered
because problems w/ the research instrument or the precoding need to be discovered & corrected ASAP |
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Thus, coding should be done as part of the Pilot Study |
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c. The Data Matrix ( DM ) |
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A DM is a graph of rows & columns which form cells |
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Usually each row applies to one respondent & each column represents one question |
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Thus, the DM contains all the respondents & all of their responses |
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Reading across any row, gives all the responses given by one respondent |
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Reading down any column, gives all the responses to any one question |
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14. Process & Analyze Data |
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15. Interpret & make Inferences about Data |
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16. Write the Final Report |
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17. Write Final HIC Report |
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