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An Overview of Research
Design
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| - Summary: |
1. Select a Topic
2. Formulate a Thesis Statement...
3. Choose the Types of Analyses
4. Research & Write a Literature Review
& Refine the Thesis
5. Formulate the Research Objectives & Questions
6. Conceptualize a topic
7. Choose Research Method / the Research Instrument
8. Operationalize concepts / construct the instrument |
9. Formulate the Data Collection Strategy
10. Obtain HIC Approval
11. Perform a Pilot Study
12. Collect Data
13. Prepare the Data for processing & analysis
14. Process & Analyze Data
15. Interpret & make Inferences about Data
16. Write the Research Paper
17. Write Final HIC Report |
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See Also: An Overview of Methods |
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1. Selecting a Topic is the first step in research
design. The task is to pick the broad area of investigation, which
will be narrowed down in successive steps |
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See: In-Class Project: Brain Storming |
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See: Webbing & Brainstorming the Topic |
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2. The Formulation of the Thesis narrows the Topic
so that a Type of Analysis can be applied to establish Research Objectives |
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See: Writing the Thesis |
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See: Refine the Thesis: add Types of Analysis |
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Review: The Types of Analysis |
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3. The Choice of the Type of Analysis determines
the mode of inquiry (descriptive, correlation, comparison, etc.) which
will be used to achieve the Research Objectives |
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4. Researching & Writing a Literature Review
allows the Researcher to Refine the Thesis |
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See: Scholastic Sources |
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Evaluation of the Literature Review |
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5. The Formulation of Research Objectives
( ROs ) from the Types of Analysis ( TOA ) is accomplished by utilizing
the TOAs to formulate Research Questions, or Hypotheses |
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6. The Conceptualization of the
topic is the process whereby specification & refinement of abstract
concepts used in the research is accomplished |
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Common Factors & Concepts |
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Ideal Types |
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Units of Analysis |
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7. The Choice of methodology / of the Research Instrument
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where the Researcher chooses the data collection tool, such as a survey,
experiment, etc. to achieve the Research Objectives |
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8. Operationalization is the development of specific research
procedures (operations) such as survey questions, experimental protocol,
interview schedules, observation protocol, etc., that result in empirical
observation representing those concepts in real world |
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9. The formulation of the Data Collection Strategy
determines the procedures by which the Research Instrument will be applied
to suitable Research Participants; e.g. what are the procedures used for
giving out a survey |
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Consent & Confidentiality in Research |
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Moral, Ethical & Privacy Issues in Social Research |
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Sampling Issues should be contemplated throughout the Research Design
Process, but must be finalized during Operationalization of the Research
Instrument |
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10. The obtaining of the HIC's approval ensures Legal
& Ethical Research Responsibilities are met |
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11. The Performance of a Pilot
Study allows the Researcher a trial run for the study so that any problems,
omissions or other anomalies can be addressed |
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12. Collect Data utilizing efficient, effective
& ethical methodological practices as delineated in the Data Collection
Strategy |
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13. The Preparation of
Data for processing & analysis is determined by the type of data
collected by the Research Instruments in that Data Preparation is quite
different for surveys & content analysis, etc. |
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14. Processing & Analyzing Data is determined
by the type of data collected by the Research Instruments in that Data
Preparation is quite different for surveys & content analysis, etc. |
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15. The Interpretation & making Inferences
about Data allows the Researcher to draw conclusions & state opinions
about the findings of the research |
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16. Writing the Research Paper is where the Researcher
organizes all the steps of the Research to make it available to the targeted
audience |
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17. Writing the HIC Final Report is where the Researcher
makes the findings of the research available to the HIC, demonstrating
that Legal & Ethical Responsibilities have been upheld |
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