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Chapter Outline |
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Review Questions |
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The UVaWise Webpage |
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Course Information Webpage |
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Stratification Syllabus, Fall 2001 |
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Stratification Course Resource List |
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Stratification Review List |
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- Review Questions: | |||||
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Legitimation | |||||
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The Social-Psychological Process of Legitimation | |||||
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The Socialization Process & Self-Evaluation | |||||
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Legitimation: the consent of the governed, based on their
belief that their leaders
have a right to their position & are acting in an appropriate ways. The more quickly a govt. moves to rectify just grievances, the greater the legitimacy it will have, & the more peaceful & secure it will be |
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Legitimation: the process by which a system of social
stratification, a level of inequality, etc.,
& the power elites are made acceptable to the general population |
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Legitimacy: the view by people that their govt. has the right or authority to rule | ||||
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Each type of Strat Systems may be analyzed along FIVE Characteristics
of Strat Systems:
1. Normativity - open or closed: acceptance of mobility 2. Method of placement: ascription, achievement, mixture 3. Method of legitimization: tradition, ideological, religion, legal 4. Form of inequality: status, class, power 5. Level of inequality: a. low in primitive communal b. high in slave, caste & feudal c. medium in class |
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The Chart on the Characteristics of the Types of the Stratification
Systems examines the
6 Fundamental Types of Stratification Systems & the Characteristics of Stratification Systems |
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The question for the study of stratification is,
'How can the public support such high levels of inequality?' But inequality & exploitation may exist for long periods of time w/o legitimacy or acceptance |
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Traditional societies used religion & the 'legitimacy
of force,'
i.e. "might makes right" to bolster social control in support of their high level of inequality |
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Cultural values of democracy & equality of opportunity suggest
that high levels of inequality & lack of opportunities are condemned. Yet we find continuing inequality in our society; the highest levels of any industrialized country |
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One reason for the legitimacy of US inequality,
as Orwell put it in Animal Farm, "Ignorance is bliss"--or bliss at least for the elites |
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In many countries access to info is restricted.
But the US has a relatively open system There continues to be some means of countering or slanting info causing doubt & confusion so that we don't know who or what is to blame for social problems |
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The US ranks the lowest of all industrial nations in newspaper readership,
books, printed & sold, per capita |
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Americans were last, behind Canada, Mexico, Britain, France, Spain,
Germany & Italy,
on 5 basic current event questions |
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Thus we can conclude that it is relatively easier to mislead Americans
than other people in industrialized nations. |
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Legitimation may be considered w/ respect to FOUR social systems
a. Elites b. A particular regime in power c. A particular system or political economy d. A value system that supports a particular stratification system |
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From Mead
Self concept is 1st developed through interaction w/ Significant Others Later, Self-Concept is developed through interaction w/ Generalized Others |
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Through this process, we come to define who we are
Here we focus on the fact that those toward to bottom of the strat system usually have a lower self-evaluation |
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The family structure is an important source of socialization
for children & adults
that establishes a particular level of self-evaluation & legitimizes the system in which one exists Kerbo discusses how The Working Class & the Middle Class raise their children differently |
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Early on, children ask parents about the status of their family
The parents justify it in the same way they justify it to themselves--which is explored below |
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The educational structure is an important source of socialization
for children & adults that establishes a particular level of self-evaluation & legitimizes the system in which one exists School age children move into the world of evaluation by peers & the generalized other ( teachers, strangers, etc. ) Kerbo describes how ed systems treat children differently by class background |
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The occupational structure is an important source of socialization
for adults
that establishes a particular level of self-evaluation & legitimizes the system in which one exists |
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In the workplace, when workers are treated in a dependent & degraded
manner,
when work is organized so that workers cannot come to feel self-reliant then self-esteem is low |
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Those in higher authority positions, esp. in the US, seldom assume
that workers are self-reliant,
or possess intelligence or good sense, or can function w/o supervision |
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The lower one moves down the occupation authority ranks, the lower the self-evaluation | ||||
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Wider Society is an important source of socialization
for adults
that establishes a particular level of self-evaluation & legitimizes the system in which one exists |
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The self-evaluation of those in the higher classes
can be seen as a complementary process to that in the lower classes |
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Higher level classes have more class solidarity & support each other more | ||||
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Review Questions:
ST 12: Legitimation
Fill-In-the-Blanks
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