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Review: Research Instruments |
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Content Analysis: The review of narrative data
(from open ended surveys, interviews, books, press, media, etc.) that looks for regularity |
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You must utilize some kind of Record
Written documents Songs Tape-recordings Works of art Photographs TV, etc. |
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The Content Analysis Process has SIX Steps
The Researcher 1. Reviews a sample of responses to an open-ended question from a Record 2. Decides how many different kinds ( categories ) of responses exist 3. Defines each category & illustrates w/ a concrete example 4. Attaches a numerical code to it 5. Reviews the full set of verbal responses to determine if all categories are represented 6. Establishes Internal Reliability: a. Since a lot of judgment is involved in this translation, accepted practice dictates that at least 2 people independently code the entire set of responses b. Then their judgments are compared c. Differences are resolved & consistency is achieved |
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Define variables: The Researcher must create an operational
definition
of the variables to be examined i.e., an exact definition that yields results from data that can be used by several people to code the data |
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The Researcher must take care to differentiate btwn the Manifest & Latent content |
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The Sampling Scheme must be a random selection of Records to be examined |
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Examples |
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