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PARADIGMS: gen images & assumptions of reality which shape
theory
S-F & Conflict Theory: How is social order possible?
FUNCTIONAL THEORY: Durk -> C-School -> Parsons/Merton
1. Consensus on norms & values
2. Socialization
3. Biological/holistic view of soc
4. Soc Sys has needs
Conflict Theory: Marx -> Mills -> Dahrendorf
1. No consensus: conflicting values
2. Socialization is biased: ideology: false consciousness
3. Competing groups: btwn & w/in classes
4. Grp needs dominate today
Typology: S-F (Order) Conflict
(Un)Critical: endorse status quo values or not
· Value & Model Assumptions
· Typology of Paradigms
Crit-Order: Maistre & Bonald: contra-Enlightenment
1. Critical of Enlightenment ideals
2. Viewed society as a whole
Uncrit - Order: Functionalism: Durk -> Parsons
1. Strat is inevitable: (a) human nature is selfish
(b) necessary for soc sys
2. Strat is functional: merit sys
3. Strat restrains both the masses & the elite
4. Value free soc science
Uncrit - Conflict: Weberian
1. Strat is inevitable: (a) human nature is selfish
(b) necessary for soc sys
2. Strat restrains both the masses & the elite
3. Value free soc science
4. Power & conflict: keys to understanding soc order
5. Power & conflict are inevitable
6. Power of one grp over another maintains stability
Crit-Conflict: Marx -> Mills -> Dahrendorf
1. Power & conflict: keys to understanding soc order
2. Power & conflict: can be equalized: communism
3. Power of one grp over another maintains stability
4. Optimistic on human nature
5. Distrustful of restraining social instits (regulatory instit)
6. Crit of status quo norms & values: support present sys
MARXISM: Crit-Con Paradigm
Praxis: combine theory & practice: goal of soc is to
change the world
Materialism: econ/production is key to understanding soc:
our nature shaped by means of subsistence/production
Weber: econ & culture interact: Protestantism &
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