--PAGAN PHILOSOPHY THE PARENT OF HERESIES. THE CONNECTION BETWEEN DEFLECTIONS FROM CHRISTIAN FAITH AND THE OLD SYSTEMS OF PAGAN PHILOSOPHY,
These are "the doctrines" of men and "of demons" produced for itching
ears of the spirit of this world's wisdom: this the Lord called "foolishness,"
and "chose the foolish things of the world" to confound even philosophy
itself. For (philosophy) it is which is the material of the world's wisdom,
the rash interpreter of the nature and the dispensation of God. Indeed
heresies are themselves instigated by philosophy. From this source came
the AEons, and I known not what infinite forms, and the trinity of man
in the system of Valentinus, who was of Plato's school. From the same source
came Marcion's better god, with all his tranquillity; he came of the Stoics.
Then, again, the opinion that the soul dies is held by the Epicureans;
while the denial of the restoration of the body is taken from the aggregate
school of all the philosophers; also, when matter is made equal to God,
then you have the teaching of Zeno; and when any doctrine is alleged touching
a god of fire, then Heraclitus comes in. The same subject-matter is discussed
over and over again by the heretics and the philosophers; the same arguments
are involved. Whence comes evil? Why is it permitted? What is the origin
of man? and in what way does he come? Besides the question which Valentinus
has very lately proposed--Whence comes God? Which he settles with the answer:
From enthymesis and ectroma. Unhappy Aristotle! who invented for these
men dialectics, the art of building up and pulling down; an art so evasive
in its propositions, so far-fetched in its conjectures, so harsh, in its
arguments, so productive of contentions--embarrassing even to itself, retracting
everything, and really treating of nothing! Whence spring those "fables
and endless genealogies," and "unprofitable questions," and "words which
spread like a cancer?" From all these, when the apostle would restrain
us, he expressly names philosophy as that which he would have us be on
our guard against. Writing to the Colossians, he says, "See that no one
beguile you through philosophy and vain deceit, after the tradition of
men, and contrary to the wisdom of the Holy Ghost." He had been at Athens,
and had in his interviews (with its philosophers) become acquainted with
that human wisdom which pretends to know the truth, whilst it only corrupts
it, and is itself divided into its own manifold heresies, by the variety
of its mutually repugnant sects. What indeed has Athens to do with Jerusalem?
What concord is there between the Academy and the Church? what between
heretics and Christians? Our instruction comes from "the porch of Solomon,"who
had himself taught that "the Lord should be sought in simplicity of heart."
Away with all attempts to produce a mottled Christianity of Stoic, Platonic,
and dialectic composition! We want no curious disputation after possessing
Christ Jesus, no inquisition after enjoying the gospel! With our faith,
we desire no further belief. For this is our palmary faith, that there
is nothing which we ought to believe besides.